(a) (i) Explain the term/arm credit.
(ii) List five sources of farm credit.
(b) An outbreak of a strange poultry disease is reported in your community.
There is a possibility of the disease spreading to other parts of the country.
(i) Mention the three main extension teaching methods that could be used to create awareness among farmers about the disease. [3 marks]
(ii) Which of the main extension teaching methods is most appropriate for creating awareness about the disease outbreak? [1 mark]
(iii) Give two reasons for your choice of extension teaching method in 9(b Xii). [2 marks]
(iv) Mention three problems that could be encountered in the use of the selected extension teaching method. (3 marks)
Explanation
(a) (i) Explanation of the term “farm credit”:
Farm credit is money, service or other forms of capital granted to farmers in trust to be repaid at a future date, usually with interest. OR Farm credit is a repayable loan, either in cash or kind, given out by banks or other organizations and individuals to farmers to improve farming operations.
(ii) Sources of farm credit
– Agricultural banks
– Commercial banks
– Co-operative societies
– Money lenders
– Individuals
– Savings and thrift society
– Self financing
– Middlemen
– Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
– Marketing Boards
– Relatives/family sources
– Government/Governmental Agencies
– Leasing
– Hire Purchase
– Insurance
– Shares / stock market
– Debentures
– Bonds
– Mortgage
– Loan stock
(b)(i) The main extension teaching methods that could be used to create awareness among the farmers Individual method, Group method, Mass method
(ii) The most appropriate extension teaching method for creating awareness about the disease outbreak is:
-Mass method
(iii) Reasons for the choice of the extension teaching method (Mass method
– A very large number of farmers are reached at the same time
-It is the fastest way of alerting and educating farmers about the disease
– It is cost effective in terms of resources
– It gives quicker and more effective results
(iv) Problems likely to be encountered in the selected mass method
-There is no immediate feedback mechanism for the extension worker to evaluate effectiveness of the message
– Farmers are unable to ask questions for clarification
-Since farmers have varying language backgrounds, P. some of them may not understand the extension message
– Power outage may prevent the spread of the message when using electronic mass media
– Not all farmers have TV or radio sets
-Some farmers cannot afford to buy papers if print media is used
-Some farmers cannot read newspapers
– Information in the print media may delay in getting to the rural areas