(a) Explain the term candling in chicks production. (b) Write notes on the intensive method of managing poultry under the following headings: (i) sanitation (ii) feeding (c) List six breeds of pigs.
Explanation
(a) Candling: (i) Candling is the use of a strong shaded light. (ii) Done to detect unfertilised egg or dead embryo in the egg. (iii) It is usually carried out during incubation. (iv) It is carried out first within 6 – 7 days and later 18th -19th days of incubation before hatching of eggs.
(b) Intensive Poultry Management: (i) Sanitation: Feed only clean diet and water. Cull off all sick birds promptly. Restrict visitors to farm. Avoid keeping different age group of birds together. Provide foot bath at the entrance. Purchase foundation stock from accredited breeders. Vaccinate animals regularly against notificable diseases as and when due. Remove and bury of all dead birds promptly. Screen windows against wild birds and insects. Ensure adequate ventilation of the house. Maintain a dry litter if deep litter system is practised. Deworm at regular intervals. Spray or dust birds at regular intervals against ectoparassites. Clean all equipment thoroughly before use. Avoid bringing in recycled bags of feed from outside. Clear the surrounding bush/weeds around the poultry house.
(c) Breeds of Pigs: West African Dwarf (WAD). Large white Landrace Hampshire Duroc Large black Wessex Saddle back. Tansworth. Poland china. Chester white. Belgium Pietrain